Abstract
Bone metastasis leads to skeletal-related events in final-stage cancer patients. The incidence of prostate and lung cancers increases yearly; these cancers readily invade the bone. Some recent studies have found that serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels may be altered in patients with bone metastasis, whereas other reports have produced inconsistent findings. Hence, we conducted a meta-analysis to examine the effects of lung and prostate cancer on serum OPG levels. A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, Medline, and CNKI to identify relevant studies. A total of 11 studies were included. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) of the bone metastasis (BM) group, the non-bone metastasis (BM-) group and healthy controls were calculated. In prostate cancer, serum OPG levels in the BM group were higher than in the BM- group and healthy controls. Additionally, no significant difference in serum OPG levels was found between the BM- group and healthy controls. In lung cancer, serum OPG levels in the BM and BM- groups were significantly increased compared with healthy controls. However, no significant difference in serum OPG levels was found between the BM and BM- groups. Studies with larger sample sizes are required to confirm these findings.
Highlights
Bone metastasis leads to skeletal-related events in final-stage cancer patients
It is estimated that more than 35% of patients with advanced lung cancer manifest bone metastases, and a higher proportion was found in an autopsy series[3]
As the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in men, prostate cancer (PCa) has the ability to invade the bone, and more than 80% of PCa patients die from the development of bone metastasis[4,5]
Summary
Bone metastasis leads to skeletal-related events in final-stage cancer patients. Some recent studies have found that serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels may be altered in patients with bone metastasis, whereas other reports have produced inconsistent findings. We conducted a meta-analysis to examine the effects of lung and prostate cancer on serum OPG levels. Serum OPG levels in the BM group were higher than in the BM- group and healthy controls. No significant difference in serum OPG levels was found between the BM- group and healthy controls. Serum OPG levels in the BM and BM- groups were significantly increased compared with healthy controls. Bone metastases are often clinically manifested by patients with advanced malignant tumours and are most common in prostate and lung cancer patients[1]. As a soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor, OPG has become a research hotspot in many www.nature.com/scientificreports/
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