The effects of low-and high-frequency non-invasive transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (taVNS) on gastric slow waves evaluated using in vivo high-resolution mapping in porcine.

Abstract

Gastric motility is regulated by an electrophysiological activity called slow-wave and neuronal innervations by the vagus nerve. Transcutaneous auricular vagal nerve stimulation (taVNS) has been demonstrated to have therapeutic potential for a wide range of medical conditions, including the management of gastric dysfunctions. The main objective of this study was to gain a better understanding of how non-invasive neuromodulation influences gastric slow wave under in vivo conditions. TaVNS protocols were applied in conjunction with 192-channel gastric bioelectrical mapping in porcine subjects under general anesthesia. The spatiotemporal profiles of gastric slow wave were assessed under two different taVNS protocols at 10 and 80Hz. The taVNS protocols effectively altered the interval and amplitude of gastric slow waves, but not the velocity or the percentage of spatial dysrhythmias. In the subjects that responded to the protocols, the 10Hz protocol was shown to normalize slow-wave propagation pattern in 90% of the subjects, whereas the 80Hz protocol was shown to inhibit slow waves in 60% of the subjects. Chronic responses of gastric motility and slow waves in response to taVNS should be investigated using non-invasive means in conscious subjects in future.