The Effects of Long-Term Nutrition Counseling According to the Behavioral Modification Stages in Patients with Cardiovascular Disease

Keiko Matsuzaki,Naoya Matsumoto,Nobuko Fukushima,Mayu Nagaoka,Yousuke Katsuda,Yutaka Saito,Shin-Ichiro Miura

doi:10.3390/nu13020414

Keiko Matsuzaki, Naoya Matsumoto + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020414

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Abstract

Background: the behavioral modification stages (BMS) are widely used; however, there are no reports on long-term nutrition counseling for cardiovascular disease (CVD) according to BMS. Aim: to study the effects of long-term nutrition counseling based on the BMS in patients with CVD. Methods: fifteen patients with CVD who participated in nutrition counseling were enrolled between June 2012 and December 2016. We provided BMS and dietary questionnaires to estimate the stage score (SS), salt intake, and drinking habits (non-drinking group (n = 7)/drinking group (n = 8)), and measured the blood pressure (BP), body mass index (BMI), and biochemical markers before and after hospitalization at 6 months, 1 year, and 1.5 years after leaving the outpatient department (OPD). Results: a significant decreased salt intake and increase in SS were found at 1.5 years. It significantly decreased the BP and salt intake in the non-drinking group at 1.5 years. Conclusions: long-term nutrition counseling according to BMS improved salt intake and BP in the non-drinking group. However, in the drinking group, increased salt intake might weaken the BP improvement. Temperance and low-sodium intake are essential factors that control BP, especially in drinkers.

Highlights

Introduction published maps and institutional affilCurrently, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the second leading cause of death along with malignant neoplasm in Japan [1]
body mass index (BMI) was significantly lower at 6 months after leaving than that at hospitalization (p < 0.05)
In the non-drinking group, DBPs at hospitalization and 6 months, 1 year, and 1.5 years after leaving had significantly decreased (81.0 (18.0), 65.0 (9.2), 65.4 (13.3), and 62.7 (17.2) mmHg, respectively; all, p < 0.05). This is the first report assessing the effects of long-term nutrition counseling according to behavioral modification stages for patients with CVD

Summary

Introduction

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the second leading cause of death along with malignant neoplasm in Japan [1]. >65 years exceeds 27.3% of the total population [2], increased mortality from cardiovascular disease has become a social problem. The implementation of guideline-based medical therapy in elderly patients with CVD was insufficient to prevent the recurrence of CVD [3]. It is reported that recurrence of CHF in elderly patients is caused by their refusal to incorporate behavioral changes—and they continue to consume excessive amounts of salt [6]. Behavioral changes, such as decreased salt iations

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