The effects of kettlebell training on strength, power, and endurance

Abstract

Background:Kettlebell training is becoming increasingly popular but there is limited evidence to compare kettlebell training’s effects on strength, power, and endurance compared to traditional resistance or plyometric training. The popularity of kettlebell training appears to be based on anecdotal reports rather than on scientific evidence supporting training effects.Objective:To systematically review the effects of kettlebell training on strength, power, and endurance. The systematic review will also examine any adverse events associated with kettlebell training.Methods:A systematic review of literature indexed in the following databases: Medline, CINAHL, SportsDiscus, ProQuest, PEDro, and PubMed, was conducted. The quality of the studies was graded using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database Scale (PEDro).Results:Five studies satisfied the eligibility criteria and were included in this review. The populations studied age range was 18–72 years old. Methodological scores based on the PEDro scale ranged from 3 to 7 out of 10. Kettlebell training demonstrated improvements for a number of strength measures: time×group for bench press (P<0·05) and back extension (P<0·053), main effect for clean and jerk (P<0·05) and certain power measures such as improved explosive strength comparable to a jump squat control (19·8% increase). Improved postural control was demonstrated in one study (P = 0·04). Kettlebell training did not have an effect on aerobic endurance as measured by VO2 max. No adverse events were reported in any of these studies.Conclusions:Moderate evidence indicates that kettlebell training may be safe and effective for increasing certain functional strength and power measures and may show positive results with postural control in young, healthy populations. Kettlebell training has not been found to be efficacious in increasing aerobic endurance.