Abstract
목적: 관상동맥 내 석회화 수치 측정 시 환자의 피폭선량을 줄이고 영상의 질을 향상시키기 위해 사용되는 반복 재구성 기법을 적용하여 그 영향을 평가하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 본원의 Aquillion One Vision Edition 320 MDCT(Canon Medical Systems Corporation, Otawara, Japan)를 사용하였고, 2017년 11월부터 2018년 1월까지 본원을 내원한 환자 중 관상동맥 혈관조영 CT검사를 진행한 환자 21명을 대상으로 하였다. 획득한 원시데이터(raw data)를 필터적용 역투영 방법(filtered back-projection, FBP)과 반복적 재구성 기법(hybrid iterative reconstruction, HIR)으로 재구성하고, Aquarius iNtuition Edition 석회화 수치 측정 프로그램 (TeraRecon,Inc, California, USA)을 이용하여 석회화 수치, 체적 수치, 잡음의 세기를 측정하였다. 3명의 방사선사가 측정한 석회화 수치를 비교하여 FBP, HIR의 관측자 간 재현성을 관찰하였다. 석회화 수치를 5단계로 나눈 심장질환 등급도에 각각의 재구성 기법에 대하여 환자의 석회화 수치를 대입한 후, 각 기법에 따른 등급의 차이를 분석하였다. 결과: 석회화 수치의 중앙값은 FBP, HIR가 각각 179 와 171 로 측정되었고(p<0.001), 체적 수치의 중앙값은 각각 139, 120 으로 측정되었다(p<0.001). HIR의 석회화 수치는 FBP와 비교하였을 때 유의차를 보였으며(p<0.001) 13.2% 낮게 측정되었다. 잡음의 세기인 관심영역 (region of interest, ROI) 내의 Hounsfield unit (HU)값의 표준편차는 FBP에서 18.7±3, HIR에서 SD 13.3±1.5 로 HIR에서 29% 감소하였다(P<0.001). 3명의 방사선사가 측정하여 비교한 재현성 검사에서의 일치상관관계계수는 FBP가 0.995, HIR가 0.996으로 측정되었다. FBP와 HIR 영상의 석회화 수치를 심장질환 등급도에 따라 분류한 결과, 21명 중 1명이 서로 다른 등급으로 분류된 것이 관찰되었다(p=0.157). 결론: HIR의 석회화 수치와 체적 수치가 FBP에 비해 낮은 값으로 측정되었기 때문에 심혈관계 질환의 진단에 있어 표준화된 방식인 Agatston 방식을 이용한 HIR의 실제 임상 적용은 주의가 필요하다. 하지만 21명 중 단 1명에서 각각의 기법에 의한 심장질환 등급의 차이가 발생하였고, FBP에서의 석회화 존재 유무가 HIR에서도 동등하게 측정되었다. 또한 FBP와 비교하였을 때, HIR의 석회화 수치 측정 재현성이 우수하므로 HIR의 적용은 임상적 가치가 있을 것으로 사료된다.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to apply and assess the effects of the Iterative Reconstruction, which is a method used for the reduction of patients radiation dose and improvement of image quality, on the Measurement of Coronary artery calcium score. Material and method: The Aquilion One Vision Edition 320 MDCT (Canon Medical System corporation, Otawa, Japan) of the Institution has been utilized and the subjects were the twenty-one (21) patients who received CT Scanning among the patients who visited the institution from November, 2017 to January, 2018. The collected raw data was reconstructed as FBP and HIR, then utilized the calcium score measurement program of Aquarius iNtuition Edition (TeraRecon, Inc, California, USA) to measure the calcium score, volume score and the noise index. The calcium score measured by three (3) radiologic technologists were compared to observe the reproducibility among the observers of FBP and HIR. On the coronary artery disease grade, which classified the calcium score in 5 levels, the calcium score of the patients was applied to each reconstruction method, and thus the change of grade according to each method was analyzed. Result: The median value of calcium score for both the FBP and HIR were measured as 179 and 171 respectively (p<0.001), and the median value of the volume scores were 139 and 120 each (p<0.001). The calcium score of HIR when compared to that of FBP showed a significant difference (p<0.001), which was 13.2% lower in the measurement. The Noise Index in FBP was SD 18.7 ±3, and in HIR it was SD 13.3±1.5 ; it had been reduced 29% in HIR(P<0.001). The concordant correlation coefficient in the reproducibility test measured and analyzed by 3 radiologic technologists was 0.995 in FBP, and 0.996 in HIR. In the results of the classification of the calcium score of FBP and HIR images according to the coronary artery disease grade, it has been verified that among twenty-one (21) patients, one (1) patient was classified as different grade(p=0.157). Conclusion: As the calcium score and volume score of HIR were measured as lower than those of FBP, the actual clinical application of HIR requires attention in contrast to the Agatston method which is the standardized method for diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. However, in only one (1) patient among twenty-one (21) occurred a difference of coronary artery disease grade due to the application of a different method and the existence of calcium in FBP was equally measured in the HIR. Also, as the reproducibility of the calcium score measurement of HIR was better when compared to FBP, one should consider that the application of HIR might certify significant clinical value.
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