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Abstract
ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate reduction strategies of irrigation for proper management of floral induction and production of 'Tommy Atkins' mangoes, in the semiarid region of the Bahia state, Brazil. Five treatments with reduced irrigation levels based on crop evapotranspiration (ETc) were applied in two development stages, FI - flowering and FII – fruiting. Water depths were T1 - 0% of ETc in FI and 100% in FII; T2 - 25% of ETc in FI and 100% in FII; T3 - 50% of ETc in FI and 100% in FII; T4 - 75% of ETc in FI and 100% in FII; and T5 - 100% of ETc in FI and FII. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with six replications. Photosynthesis and transpiration rates in phases FI and FII were larger at 8 am than at 2 pm, regardless of the strategies used. These strategies lead to smaller values of photosynthesis, transpiration and leaf water potential within flowering stage. Productive characteristics were not affected by irrigation level reduction for flower induction process, only for the cycles evaluated. Strategies with 0% of ETc in FI and 100% in FII or 25% of ETc in FI and 100% in FII are appropriate to flower induction in 'Tommy Atkins' mango.
Highlights
All Brazilian regions grow mangoes, especially those within the semi- arid Northeast
The results demonstrated an influence of evaluation period and reading time interaction on mango photosynthesis during flowering (p < 0.05)
Concerning the evaluation period, photosynthesis was higher in July for measurements at 8 am, whereas afternoon readings were similar in both periods
Summary
All Brazilian regions grow mangoes, especially those within the semi- arid Northeast. This area has become the largest mango producer, being responsible for 66.54% of the Brazilian production in 2012 - one million one hundred seventy-five thousand tons. The Brazilian semiarid dry weather, intense insolation for a large part of the year, associated with irrigation and flowering management techniques allow successive production cycles, fruit harvest at any time of year and yield above the national average (LEITE; ALVES, 2010). Given the expansion of mango crop in a water crisis scenario, researchers in the Brazilian semiarid have undertaken studies to improve irrigation management practices associated with flowering induction (COTRIM et al, 2011; REIS et al, 2011) to enhance local fruit yields and quality between harvests. Management based on water deficit, when properly applied, can increase water use efficiency, improving fruit yield and quality without negative long-term effects (SPREER et al, 2009)
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