The Effects of Independent-Living Factors on Quality of Life for People with Developmental Disabilities

Abstract

이 연구는 발달장애인의 자립 요인이 삶의 질에 영향을 미치며, 이 과정에서 자립을 지원하는 직업재활 관련요인들에 대한 규명은 직업재활정책의 수립이나 서비스개발 과정에서 이루어져야 할 중요한 과제 중 하나라는 것이다. 이러한 맥락에서 성인 발달장애인의 자립요인이 삶의 질에 미치는 영향과 직업재 활 특성요인의 매개효과를 알아보고자 한 연구이다. 이를 위해 발달장애인 당사자를 대상으로 자립과 삶의 질 요인을 주관적 관점에 초점을 맞추었으며, 직업재활 특성요인의 매개효과를 확인하기 위하여 직업재활시설의 장애근로자와 훈련생, 지역사회의 재활프로그램을 이용하고 있는 이용자를 대상으로 1:1 면접조사 방식으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 발달장애인의 자립요 인과 삶의 질 요인, 직업재활 특성요인들은 모두 높은 상관관계가 있다. 둘째, 발달장애인의 자립요인 에서 하위요인 중 신체적 기능과 경제적 기능 수준이 삶의 질과 높은 상관관계가 있다. 셋째, 직업재활 특성요인은 발달장애인의 자립과 삶의 질의 매개효과로 작용하는 것으로 직업재활 특성요인이 증가하 면 이들의 삶의 질 요인도 긍정적으로 상승하는 것으로 분석되었다. 이 연구결과를 토대로 발달장애인 의 자립과 삶의 질 향상을 위한 실천적 제언을 제시하였다.The purpose of this study is Independent-living factors have a lot of effects on the quality of lives of people with developmental disabilities, and the investigation of factors related to vocational rehabilitation that support their independent living is one of the most important tasks that should be completed in the vocational rehabilitation policy making or in the process of service development. In this context, the purpose of this study is to investigate the mediated effect of both living-independent factors of adults with developmental disabilities and trait factor of vocational rehabilitation that seem to exercise influence on the quality of life of people with developmental disabilities. The subjective point of views such as independent-living and the factors of the quality of life was considered in the selection of participants, and this study was done in the way of face-to-face interview with participants who are workers with developmental disability and trainees working for vocational rehabilitation institutes and users of rehabilitation programs of local communities among adult people with developmental disabilities who are now experiencing trait factors of vocational rehabilitation to verify the mediated effect. The analysis results are as follows. Firstly, this study found there is a strong correlation among independent-living factors, the factors of the quality of life and the trait factors of vocational rehabilitation of people with developmental disabilities. Secondly, the levels of physical and economic function among sub factors of independent-living of people with developmental disabilities and the quality of life have a high correlation. Thirdly, vocational rehabilitation factors work as mediated effects of independent-living and the quality of life of people with developmental disabilities. That is to say, if vocational rehabilitation factors increase, their independent- living factors and their factors of the quality of life rise in a positive way. Based on the results of this study, practical suggestions were presented to improve the Independent- living and quality of life of people with developmental disabilities.