The effects of inactive toxins of escherichia coli on hematological parameters in animals

Abstract

Escherichiosis of calves and piglets is still a widespread infectious pathology on farms in different countries, including Russia, despite the vaccine prophylaxis of this disease. This fact testifies to the imperfection of present immunization means, the cause of which is discrepancy between antigenic composition of vaccines and etiological and pathogenetic factors responsible for the development of escherichiosis. In view of the above, the question of joint application of enterotoxins of Escherichia coli as a complex vaccine (anatoxin) becomes relevant. The question remains as to how they will affect the animal body after vaccine’s administration and what properties they will have, requiring special studies. In this regard, the aim of the work was to study the effect of the mixture of inactivated enterotoxins on the leukogram of animals. As a result of studies, it was found that after the introduction of anatoxin in rats, the primary response of the immune system was expressed in the form of an increase in the quantitative presence of physiologically mature neutrophils, followed by an increase in the number of immunocompetent cells – lymphocytes. The dose of injected anatoxin also mattered: the higher was the dose, the more pronounced were the changes in the leukogram, including the changes manifested by the increased presence of eosinophils in the bloodstream. Inactivated E. coli enterotoxins had no toxic and cytopathological effects when injected into the macroorganism; at the same time, they retained their antigenic and immunostimulatory properties, which allows them to be considered a candidate for a complex vaccine.