Abstract
This paper studied the cooling performance of a hot electronic chip using nanofluids (NF) mixed convection, implementing Buongiorno’s model of the NF simulation. The NF were assumed water-Al2O3 nanoparticles (NP) in the range of 0 to 4% of volume concentration. Six different problems of the combinations of three internal hot blocks, including triangular, square, and circular geometries, and two porous media, including sand and compact metallic powder, were numerically solved. To discretize the governing equations, a finite control volume method was applied. As most of the proposed correlations for the thermophysical properties of the NF were inaccurate, especially for thermal conductivity, a new predictive correlation was proposed using the multi-variable regression method with acceptable accuracy. It was found that the cooling performance improved with any increase in the NP loading. A higher nanoparticle concentration yielded better cooling characteristics, which was 11.93% for 4% volume. The sand porous medium also yielded a much higher value of the normalized Nusselt number (Nu) compared to the other medium. The entropy generation (EG) enhancement was maximum for the triangular hot block in a sand porous cavity.
Highlights
Nanofluids (NF) are classified as one of the most important candidates for electronic cooling applications
The results of such study are presented in three cases of different hot blocks, including triangular, square, and circular, as well as two different porous media, metallic powder and sand
It is clear that the distribution of the streamlines on the right side of the hot block was more uniform than on the left side, especially for the compact metallic powder (Figure 5b,d,e)
Summary
Nanofluids (NF) are classified as one of the most important candidates for electronic cooling applications. High-speed electronic processes in modern processors, along with the inefficient cooling capabilities of conventional fluid like water, lead to open a new scientific horizon between thermal engineers and scientists. A tremendous number of scientific papers, reports, and books have been published by researchers from different scientific disciplines like physics, chemistry, nanotechnology, chemical, and mechanical engineering. The original idea of suspending a small amount of tiny nanoparticles (NP) in a conventional cooling fluid, belongs to Maxwell [2]. He guessed that the dispersion of metal particles in water could enhance the physical properties drastically. He was unsuccessful in preparing a homogenous suspension due to the rapid micro-particle sedimentation
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