Abstract
Turfgrasses form a more or less contiguous ground cover that persists under regular mowing and traffic. Tissue culture of turfgrass is a recently expanding research area that may be used for improving the genetic desirability of turfgrass. In this study, callus was induced from nodal explants of St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walt.) Kuntze] 'Texas Common', 'Seville', and 'Floratum', and bermudagrass (Cynodon L.C. Rich) 'Tifway Ⅱ', from unemerged inflorescences of 'Texas Common', and from seeds of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris Huds.) 'Seaside': zoysiagrass (Zoysia japouica Stead.), and common bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Peru.) in Murashige-Skoog(MS) medium with 30 g 1^(-1) sucrose and 1,5, or 10 mg 1^(-1) 2,4-dichtorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D), The growth regulator 2,4-D (65.8%) induced callus at a higher frequency than α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) (47.2%) and picloram (3.4%) from immature inflorescences of 'Texas Common', and sucrose concentrations between 60 g 1^(-1) (10.0 mm^2) and 20 g 1^(-1) (8.6 mm^2) produced no significant difference in growth rate. The rate of callus initiation was higher on agar solidified medium compared to on fitter paper bridges from seeds of 'Seaside' and the immature inflorescence explants of 'Texas Common'.
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