Abstract
The purpose of this study is to examine the factors of disaster experience that impact the effectiveness of disaster education on school students (children and teens). Following the magnitude 5.4 Pohang earthquake in 2017, Pohang City Hall conducted a school earthquake disaster education program over a period of four months (August to November) in 2018. Professors and graduate students from the Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology taught around 5000 middle and high school students, while also conducting surveys. The experiences of the Pohang earthquake were analyzed and divided into cognitive responses and emotional responses. Students who felt activated emotional responses, surprise and fear, but not joy, tended to have more effective educational experiences. On the other hand, unpleasant emotional reactions, such as anger and sadness, had a negative effect on educational effectiveness. The cognitive response, which is perceived intensity in this research, did not impact educational effectiveness significantly. These results imply that the emotional responses of students are more important than their cognitive responses in providing a disaster education program. This means that even though an earthquake may be small in magnitude and may not cause physical damage, we still need to provide immediate disaster education to the children and teens if they are surprised and afraid of future disasters.
Highlights
The frequency of earthquakes in Korea has historically been low, and their size has been relatively small
Up until 2016, the contents of Korea’s disaster education program did not include how to respond to earthquakes, because people viewed the country as being safe from such incidents
In 2016, an earthquake of Magnitude 5.8 (M 5.8) occurred in Gyeongju, which was followed by the Pohang earthquake of M
Summary
The frequency of earthquakes in Korea has historically been low, and their size has been relatively small. Up until 2016, the contents of Korea’s disaster education program did not include how to respond to earthquakes, because people viewed the country as being safe from such incidents. Two seismic, unprecedented events took place in Korea. In 2016, an earthquake of Magnitude 5.8 (M 5.8) occurred in Gyeongju, which was followed by the Pohang earthquake of M. 5.4 about one year later, on 15 November 2017 (see Table 1). The magnitude of the Gyeongju earthquake was larger than the one in Pohang, the damage inflicted on Pohang was greater [1]
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