Abstract
Physical fitness is a powerful indicator of health. Sleep condition plays an essential role in maintaining quality of life and is an important marker that predicts physical fitness. This study aimed to determine the relationship between sleep conditions (sleep quality, sleep duration, bedtime) and multiple physical fitness indicators (body mass index (BMI), flexibility, abdominal muscle strength and endurance, cardiopulmonary endurance) in a well-characterized population of Taiwanese adults aged 23 to 65. The applied data were obtained from the National Physical Fitness Examination Survey 2014 conducted in Taiwan. We assessed the association of the sleep conditions with physical fitness performances in Taiwanese adults by using the multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS) method with a total of 69,559 samples. The results show that sleep duration, sleep quality, and bedtime were statistically significant influence factors on physical fitness performances with different degrees. Gender was an important factor that affects the effects of daily sleep conditions on performances of physical fitness. Sleep duration was the most important factor as it was simultaneously correlated with BMI, sit-ups, and sit-and-reach indicators in both genders. Bedtime and sleep quality were only associated with sit-ups performance in both genders.
Highlights
Sleep condition is an important predictor of health status
We can see that body mass index (BMI) ranged from 13.67 to 68.13, sit-ups ranged from 0 to 80, sit-and-reach ranged from −4 to 70, and cardiorespiratory endurance index (CEI) ranged from 11.78 to 155.17
Since the multivariate adaptive regression spline (MARS) model evaluated the effects of independent variables on dependent variables by using estimated important knot position and segment estimation coefficients of independent variables, we found that 7-h sleep duration was an important estimated knot for influencing the BMI of both genders, sit-ups of both genders, and sit-and-reach of males based on the MARS regression models of this study
Summary
Sleep condition is an important predictor of health status. Research has determined that short and long sleep durations were significantly associated with poor self-rated health and lower quality of life [1]. Sleep quality was shown to have a significant association with the poor quality of life of patients with diseases [2,3,4,5,6]. Physical fitness is a powerful indicator of health and should be a major goal in current and future public health promotion policies [8]. It comprises a set of important attributes that are either healthor skill-related and can be objectively measured through functional fitness [9]. The latest development with regard to physical fitness and several health outcomes suggested that physical fitness is associated with total and abdominal
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