The effects of cyclododecane and subsequent removal on δ15N, δ13C, and δ18O values in collagen and bioapatite of a modern bone

Abstract

Applying consolidants to bone material in museum collections often is necessary to stabilize fragile specimens. However, this process can be difficult to reverse and may chemically alter the material, which may affect future biochemical analyses. Cyclododecane (CDD), a pliable solid that sublimates at room temperature, is a potential reversible alternative for temporary consolidation. This study examined the effects of CDD and Shell Cyclosol 53 (C53 – a solvent commonly used with CDD) on stable nitrogen, carbon, and oxygen isotope values in a modern whale rib. Different application methods (penetrating hot melt vs. surface heat spatula) and removal methods (low heat, ambient sublimation, and solvent) were tested in various combinations. The most effective method for removing CDD was low heat (65 °C); applying C53 also proved a viable option. All stable isotope values were unaffected by CDD application and solvent. No alteration was observed which suggests CDD does not affect the bone tissue structure, nor does it facilitate isotopic exchange or fractionation. This is an improvement over certain permanent consolidants which can alter bioapatite oxygen isotope values in particular. CDD is a viable temporary consolidant when further chemical analyses of bone tissue are desired.