Abstract
Abstract The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of framework thickness and cooling rate on the characteristics of fabrication defects in veneer ceramic of bi-layered lithium disilicate glass-ceramic (LDG) and zirconia. Eighty discs of 0.5-mm- and 1.0-mm-thick LDG/zirconia core were manually fabricated and veneered. Samples were divided into 8 groups according to the cooling rate, core material and core thickness, with 10 samples per group. All discs were scanned by micro-CT and 3D-reconstructed. Volume, position and sphericity of each pore defect were measured, and curves were fitted. Pore defect sizes of all samples were algorithm-fitted in two groups: 95% small defects and the rest large defects. Pore defects in veneer in LDG groups were smaller, rounder and farther from the interface with the core (p 0.01), yet the pores in 1.0-mm-thick veneer in the zirconia core group were smaller, closer to the veneer surface, and rounder than in the 0.5-mm-thick group (p
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