The Effects of Combined Pre and Postharvest Deficit Irrigation on Loquat Yield, Fruit Quality and Handling Aptitude

Julián Cuevas,Juan J. Hueso,Virginia Pinillos,María L. Cañete,Mónica González,Fernando M. Chiamolera,Francisca Alonso

doi:10.3390/agronomy11020201

Abstract

Loquat prices depend on fruit size and earliness. Earliness is improved by postharvest deficit irrigation (DI), without negative effects on fruit size. An optimization of postharvest DI strategies carried out by limiting the dry period led to greater harvest date advancement, but water savings were reduced. To further improve fruit earliness and quality and increase water savings, we combined pre and postharvest DI strategies. Treatments were T1: trees not irrigated during six weeks after harvest (no preharvest DI applied); T2: trees that, in addition to postharvest DI, were not watered from the rapid fruit growth phase to harvest (nine extra weeks of DI); T3: trees that, in addition to postharvest DI, were not watered from color break to harvest (six weeks of DI plus postharvest DI); and T4: trees that in addition to postharvest DI were not watered during rapid fruit growth, but were re-irrigated at color break (2–3 weeks of DI, depending on the season). Full-irrigated trees were grown for comparison. T1 saved 18% water with respect to full-irrigation, and advanced harvesting by 16 days. T2 saved more water, had an earlier harvest and produced a higher early yield. Shorter dry periods were beneficial to a lower extent. Fruit size was significantly diminished by T2, but not by T4. A major advantage of T3 and T4 was the better performance of fruit during handling and shelf life. T2 fruits were favored by panelists for their sweetness but criticized for their smaller size.

Highlights

Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.; Rosaceae) is a subtropical evergreen fruit tree native of southeast China [1]
Results from trees enduring preharvest deficit irrigation (DI) were even better since all treatments with an extra period of DI enhanced fruit earliness
Water savings were largely increased by a wise combination of pre and postharvest DI in ‘Algerie’ loquat (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.; Rosaceae) is a subtropical evergreen fruit tree native of southeast China [1]. The price of loquat strongly depends on fruit quality and earliness. In Spain, loquat ripens its fruits in early April, reaching the market before any other spring fruit. For this reason, the prices are high at the beginning of the season, when there is no competition with other fruit crops, dropping acutely when May arrives. The prices are high at the beginning of the season, when there is no competition with other fruit crops, dropping acutely when May arrives This makes fruit earliness a major driver in loquat commercialization and profitability

Methods

Results

Conclusion