Abstract
Sepsis is a common and often treacherous medical emergency with a high mortality and long-term complications in survivors. Though antibiotic therapy can reduce death rate of sepsis significantly, it impairs gut microbiota (GM), which play imperative roles in human health. In this study, we compared the therapeutic effects of antibiotics, probiotics, and Chinese medicine QRD on the survival rates of septic model and observed the GM characteristics of experimental rats via 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. The 72 h survival rates of septic rat demonstrated the significant therapeutic effects in the three groups treated with antibiotics (AT), Chinses medicine QRD (QT), and probiotics (PT), which were elevated from the survival rate of 26.67% for the sepsis control group (ST) to 100.0% for AT, 88.24% for QT, and 58.33% for PT. The original characteristics of GM identified in the sham operation controls (SC) were relatively similar to those in PT and QT; nevertheless, the AT rats were shown dramatically decreased in the GM diversity. In addition, the septic rats in AT were revealed the higher abundances of Escherichia Shigella, Proteus, Morganella, Enterococcus, and Lysinibacillus, but the lower those of Parabacteroides, Alistipes, Desulfovibrio, Bacteroides, Helicobacter, Mucispirillum, Oscillibacter, Lachnospiraceae, and Ruminiclostridium 9, when compared to the PT and QT rats. By contrast, the GM of PT and QT rats shared similar diversity and structure. Our findings indicated that QRD increased the survival rates without impairment of the GM characteristics, which provides novel insights into the role of Chinese medicine in therapy and long-term recovery of sepsis.
Highlights
Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome caused by dysregulated host responses to infection and can result in tissue damage, organ failure, and even death (Kim and Choi, 2020)
As gut microbiota (GM) components, the relative abundances of four phyla were statistically different between the two groups (Figures 2A, B): Deferribacteres (SC versus sepsis control group (ST), 0.21 ± 0.21% versus 1.18 ± 1.24%, P
The data in this study showed that the septic rats of ST group possessed the decreased GM diversity than the non-sepsis controls, despite the difference was not statistically significant probably because of the relative small sample scale
Summary
Sepsis is a life-threatening syndrome caused by dysregulated host responses to infection and can result in tissue damage, organ failure, and even death (Kim and Choi, 2020). Though onset cases are increasingly reported, the mortality of sepsis decreased significantly due to in-time therapy. It is clearly recognized that the survivals of sepsis suffer from a long period of physical, psychological, and cognitive disabilities, along with progressively declining life quality and increasing death risk (Cecconi et al, 2018; Barichello et al, 2019). An increasing number of studies revealed sepsis-associated GM dysbiosis, which might contribute to the development of organ failure (Haak and Wiersinga, 2017; Coopersmith et al, 2018; Haak et al, 2018). Antibiotic therapy, which is one of the most important agents in the septic management, can impair GM significantly and influence the long-term prognosis (Ojima et al, 2016; Haak et al, 2018)
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