The effects of capsinoids supplementation on body composition and anthropometric measures: A systematic review and dose–response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract

The present systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of capsinoids on body mass index (BMI), body weight (BW), waist circumference (WC), waist-hip ratio (WHR), fat mass (FM), fat-free mass (FFM), visceral fat area (VFA), and percentage body fat (PBF). Four databases were searched from inception to November 2020 using relevant keywords. All clinical trials investigating the effects of capsinoids supplementation on body composition and anthropometric measures were retained. Overall, 19 effect sizes and 13 trials with a total sample size of 838 participants were included. Capsinoids supplementation had no effect on BW (P=0.230), BMI (P=0.182), WC (P=0.611), FM (P=0.946), FFM (P=0.917), WHR (P=0.599), VFA (P=0.836), and PBF (P=0.973). Findings from subgroup analysis revealed a significant reduction in BW in trials conducted on overweight participants, and lasted ≥12 weeks, However, no significant non-linear associations were found between capsinoids supplementation dosage and study duration with both BW (For dosage: Pnon-linearity=0.527, for duration: Pnon-linearity=0.410) and BMI (For dosage: Pnon-linearity=0.308, for duration: Pnon-linearity=0.578). Capsinoids supplementation has no significant effect on obesity indicators. However, capsinoids in trials conducted on overweight participants, and lasted ≥12 weeks may have a significant and modest reduction in BW. Well-designed RCTs with larger sample size and longer duration are needed to confirm these results.