Abstract
This study aims at assessing the effects of increased bud load and irrigation applications on berry quality of the Razaki table grape. Two Regulated Deficit Irrigation (RDI) having different irrigation levels (RDI-I and RDI-II) based on the growth stages, in addition to a non-irrigated control treatment together with two different bud load practices (K-normal and 2K-two-fold buds of the normal) were examined for their effects on quality attributes such as sugar and organic acids contents, phenolic compounds as well as antioxidant capacity of the berries. The non-irrigated vines had highest sugar level (198.86 g/kg) in the first year (2013) of the experiment whilst the sugar content of the berries was increased with irrigation (RDI-II) in 2014. However the highest organic acid (7.10 g/kg) was recorded from the RDI-II treatment in 2013 whereas those of from non-irrigated vines were highest (7.81 g/kg) in 2014. Considering the sugar and organic acid content of the berries, bud load effects were not significant. The total phenolic acids were higher under non-irrigated and 2K bud load conditions. Antioxidant activity of berries was increased with RDI-I irrigation and 2K practices in the first year (2013) although no significant effect was recorded in the second year of the experiment. In all applications, glucose among the sugars, tartaric acid among the organic acids, catechin and epicatechin among the phenolic compounds were detected to be higher compared to other components in berries.
Highlights
In places with an annual rainfall of 500–600 mm, non-irrigated viticulture can be performed depending on the soil type
Many researches [13,14,15] stated that the total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacities and phytochemical properties depend on grape variety, climate, soil conditions, maturation levels, cultural applications and yield amount
Fructose and total sugar values for the first year (2013) in non-irrigated and for the second year (2014) in regulated deficit irrigation (RDI)-II experiments were higher than the other treatments
Summary
In places with an annual rainfall of 500–600 mm, non-irrigated viticulture can be performed depending on the soil type. Ojeda et al [12] examined the effects of various levels of deficit irrigation on phenolic compounds of Shiraz grape. Many researches [13,14,15] stated that the total phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacities and phytochemical properties depend on grape variety, climate, soil conditions, maturation levels, cultural applications and yield amount. The effect of different RDI and bud load applications on berry quality parameters related with human health such as sugars, organic acids, phenolic compounds and antioxidant capacity [8,16,17,18,19] in Razakı grape variety were investigated
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