The Effects of Beverage Intake after Exhaustive Exercise on Organ Damage, Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Healthy Males.

Takaki Tominaga,Nobuhiro Nakamura,Mayu Araya,Jiapeng Huang,Tsukasa Ikemura,Sihui Ma,Koichi Yada,Wonjun Choi,Kazue Kanda,Kaoru Sugama,Katsuhiko Suzuki

doi:10.3390/antiox10060866

Takaki Tominaga, Nobuhiro Nakamura + Show 9 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10060866

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Abstract

Strenuous exercise induces organ damage, inflammation and oxidative stress. To prevent exercise-induced organ damage, inflammation and oxidative stress, rehydrating may be an effective strategy. In the present study, we aimed to examine whether beverage intake after exhaustive exercise to recover from dehydration prevents such disorders. Thirteen male volunteers performed incremental cycling exercise until exhaustion. Immediately after exercise, the subjects drank an electrolyte containing water (rehydrate trial: REH) or did not drink any beverage (control trial: CON). Blood samples were collected before (Pre), immediately (Post), 1 h and 2 h after exercise. Urine samples were also collected before (Pre) and 2 h after exercise. We measured biomarkers of organ damage, inflammation and oxidative stress in blood and urine. Biomarkers of muscle, renal and intestinal damage and inflammation increased in the blood and urine after exercise. However, changes in biomarkers of organ damage and inflammation did not differ between trials (p > 0.05). The biomarker of oxidative stress, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), in plasma, showed different changes between trials (p = 0.027). One hour after exercise, plasma TBARS concentration in REH had a higher trend than that in CON (p = 0.052), but there were no significant differences between Pre and the other time points in each trial. These results suggest that beverage intake after exercise does not attenuate exercise-induced organ damage, inflammation or oxidative stress in healthy males. However, rehydration restores exercise-induced oxidative stress more quickly.

Highlights

Strenuous exercise induces muscle damage, and internal organ damage [1,2,3]
The purpose of this study is to investigate whether beverage intake after incremental exercise to recover from dehydration prevents organ damage, inflammation and oxidative stress via endotoxemia as a trigger of inflammation in healthy males
The changes in 8 ofthe above inflammatory parameters did not differ between trials. These results indicate that beverage intake did not influence exercise-induced inflammation

Summary

Introduction

Strenuous exercise induces muscle damage, and internal organ damage [1,2,3]. Severe renal damage results in acute kidney injury (AKI) [7]. Strenuous exercise perturbs the immune system’s homeostasis through conditions such as leukocytosis, hypercytokinemia, systemic inflammatory response and immune suppression [1,2,3,5,8,9]. Severe systemic inflammatory response is one of the pathologies of heat stroke [10,11]. Increased oxidative stress is a major characteristic of strenuous exercise [1], and severe oxidative stress results in cellular/tissue damage [12]. It is crucial to prevent exercise-induced organ damage, inflammation and oxidative stress

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