Abstract
Ischemic heart disease and stroke are two main causes of death that have prevailed for more than 15 years. Dyslipidemia and its parameters like hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, increase in low-density cholesterol, and a reduction of high-density cholesterol have been related with heart disease and risk of stroke. Approaches to improve the health and specifically reduce the risk of heart disease, such as medications and dietary interventions have been effective, but there are other potential sources of biological compounds that could have an effect due to their antioxidant properties. Avocado is a commonly consumed fruit especially its pulp, while the peel, seed, and leaf are usually discarded as waste. Some researchers have reported antioxidant, hepatoprotective, gastroprotective, lipid-lowering, and hypoglycemic effects in these wastes. In this review article, we have summarized the current evidence on the effect of biological compounds from avocado waste on dyslipidemia parameters in preclinical models. Also, we have included the compound extracted and the extraction method from the selected articles.
Highlights
Diet-related chronic diseases are considered a serious public health problem [1]
The other study used diabetic animals, and in 500 mg/kg/day, a significant reduction of TG, total cholesterol (TC), and low-density cholesterol (LDL) compared with those of the control group was found; a significant increase of high-density cholesterol (HDL) p < 0.01 was shown, and the values demonstrated the best effect even when compared with the positive control who was treated with medication [39]
There is an important field of research in the area of organic waste
Summary
Diet-related chronic diseases are considered a serious public health problem [1]. The World Health Organization points out that the two main causes of death that have prevailed for more than 15 years in the world are ischemic heart disease and stroke, which have caused 15.3 million deaths [2]. Hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, increase in low-density cholesterol (LDL), and a reduction of high-density cholesterol (HDL) are the general parameters of dyslipidemia They have been related to complications such as cardiac damage and atherosclerosis [3,4,5]. The diagnosis of dyslipidemias corresponds to the alteration of one or more of the following parameters: total cholesterol (TC) ≥ 240 mg/dl, LDL ≥ 160 mg/dl, HDL ≤ 40 mg/dl, and triglycerides (TGs) ≥ 200 mg/dl [7] In both animals and humans, several studies have reported the effects of food compounds to improve the signs and symptoms of various chronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and oxidative stress [8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]
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