Abstract
This study aimed to assess the effect of the auditory feedback gait training (AFGT) using smart insole on the gait variables, dynamic balance, and activities of daily living (ADL) of stroke patients. In this case, 45 chronic stroke patients who were diagnosed with a stroke before 6 months and could walk more than 10 m were included in this study. Participants were randomly allocated to the smart insole training group (n = 23), in which the AFGT system was used, or to the general gait training group (GGTG) (n = 22). Both groups completed conventional rehabilitation, including conventional physiotherapy and gait training, lasting 60 min per session, five times per week for 4 weeks. Instead of gait training, the smart insole training group received smart insole training twice per week for 4 weeks. Participants were assessed using the GAITRite for gait variables and Timed Up and Go test (TUG), Berg Balance Scale (BBS) for dynamic balance, and Modified Barthel Index (MBI) for ADL. The spatiotemporal gait parameters, symmetry of gait, TUG, BBS, and MBI in the smart insole training group were significantly improved compared to those in the GGTG (p < 0.05). The AFGT system approach is a helpful method for improving gait variables, dynamic balance, and ADL in chronic stroke patients.
Highlights
Individuals with post-stroke hemiparesis face difficulties in daily life that they have never experienced before [1]
We proved that gait asymmetry dramatically improved when 100% of the whole-body weight bears the insole under the affected side [22]
The aim of this study was to examine the effects on gait ability, dynamic balance and activities of daily living (ADL) using the Pneumatic pressure insole with auditory feedback in gait training (AFGT) for individuals with hemiparesis
Summary
Individuals with post-stroke hemiparesis face difficulties in daily life that they have never experienced before [1]. The phenomenon where the heel of the affected side does not touch the ground in stance phase may be one of the main reasons for asymmetric gait [5]. Not being able to put the heel down on the ground may be seen in the whole stance phase or in the initial contact, depending on the patient. During this moment, the affected side may depend on the forefoot to perform the stance phase, and the unaffected side length of the stance phase shortens [6]. A decrease in stance phase leads to a decrease in the step length Such impact shows the difference in gait phase between the unaffected side and the affected side. The spatial and temporal gait asymmetry can be observed even with the naked eye
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