Abstract
BackgroundThe aesthetic self-perception and psychosocial impact of whitening is poorly explored in the literature; it is even less clear whether the effect of whitening may influence the psychology or social relations of patients. Therefore, the aim of this trial is to evaluate the impact of an at-home whitening procedure on patients’ quality of life. Also, this study’s secondary objective is the adaptation and validation of the Spanish version of the OES questionnaire (OES-SP).MethodsFifty eight patients underwent whitening with 10% carbamide peroxide (CP) gel for 1 h daily for 3 weeks. For these participants, the OHIP-Esthetics, PIDAQ, and OES surveys were applied before, one week after, and one month after the whitening procedure. Oral health-related quality of life was measured using the OHIP-Esthetics survey and the psychosocial impact using the PIDAQ survey. The orofacial aesthetics was measured by OES and validated for the Spanish Chilean context. The treatment efficacy (ΔE and ΔSGU) and data from the OHIP-Esthetics PIDAQ and OES surveys were compared using the Wilcoxon Signed-Rank test.ResultsThe whitening procedure was effective (ΔE = 5.9 ± 1.8). The OHIP-Esthetics results were significant when comparing the initial baseline survey prior to the treatment and one week after whitening (p < 0.001) and when comparing the baseline and one-month results (p < 0.001). The overall score on the PIDAQ, after one week post-whitening, was separated into factors and all factors were statistically significant (p < 0.03); the factors for the one-month results were also all statistically significant (p < 0.001), except the social impact factor. The OES questionnaire had statistically significantly increased scores both one week and one month post-treatment (p < 0.0001). The reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the OES-SP were satisfactory.ConclusionThe at-home whitening procedure with carbamide peroxide 10% had a positive effect on patients’ oral health-related quality of life, psychology, and aesthetic perception after one month post-whitening. The Chilean Spanish version of the OES showed satisfactory psychometric characteristics to evaluate dental whitening.Trial registrationNCT02605239. Date that the study was retrospectively registered: 11-11-2015.
Highlights
The aesthetic self-perception and psychosocial impact of whitening is poorly explored in the literature; it is even less clear whether the effect of whitening may influence the psychology or social relations of patients
Dental implants, orthodontic treatment, and periodontal therapy have been associated with improved quality of life in dentistry [7], but our results suggested that dental whitening did not affect participants’ quality of life
Whitening-induced tooth sensitivity Thirty out of the 58 participants submitted to whitening reported pain at least once during whitening
Summary
The aesthetic self-perception and psychosocial impact of whitening is poorly explored in the literature; it is even less clear whether the effect of whitening may influence the psychology or social relations of patients. The emergence of cosmetic dentistry, which seeks to solve problems that affect patients’ self-esteem and their quality of life, fits in directly with the WHO’s definition oh health. The effect of these aesthetic treatments on a patient’s quality of life, −psychosocial well-being, and aesthetic perception is unclear, and the field lacks an evaluation or weighting of “aesthetics sufficiency” that considers and includes the views of the patients. From an individual point of view, bleached patients are best-suited to state whether or not the whitening procedure is considered effective (related to self-perception). This definition of effectiveness is incomplete, unclear, or almost entirely related to numerical standards
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