The Effects of Aquatic Exercises on Physical Fitness and Muscle Function in Dialysis Patients.

Wioletta Dziubek,Tomasz Gołębiowski,Marian Klinger,Wacław Weyde,Dominika Markowska,Monika Grochola,Marek Woźniewski,Agnieszka Zembroń-Łacny,Katarzyna Bulińska,Łukasz Rogowski,Mariusz Kusztal

doi:10.1155/2015/912980

Abstract

Purpose. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a 3-month physical training program, conducted in an aquatic environment with end-stage renal disease patients (ESRD), on the physical fitness and functional parameters of the knee joint muscles. Patients and Methods. The study included 20 ESDR patients with mean age 64.2 ± 13.1 y. treated with hemodialysis in Dialysis Center of the University Hospital in Wroclaw. Before and 3 months after the physical training in water, a test was performed to evaluate the physical fitness of each patient; additionally, a measurement was taken of force-velocity parameters. The 3-month training program took place on nonhemodialysis days, in the recreational pool of the University of Physical Education in Wroclaw. Results. After aquatic training cycle, an improvement was observed in all parameters measured using the Fullerton test. The value of peak torque and its relation to body mass increased in the movement of flexors and extensors of left and right lower extremities in all tested velocities. Conclusions. In assessing the physical fitness of studied women, the biggest improvement was achieved in tests assessing the strength of upper and lower extremities as well as lower body flexibility. Higher values of force-velocity parameters are conducive to women achieving better physical fitness test results.

Highlights

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a syndrome that evolves as a result of progressive and irreversible impairment of renal function
End-stage renal disease (ESRD) or CKD stage V is characterized by structural and functional damage to the kidneys resulting in many metabolic disturbances, due to accumulation of waste products in the blood which are toxic to the body
The most common comorbidities that were identified in the study group were hypertension, which had prevailed in 18 patients (90%), ischemic heart disease (IHD) in 7 patients (35%), and peripheral artery disease of the lower extremities in 5 patients (25%) (Table 2)

Summary

Introduction

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a syndrome that evolves as a result of progressive and irreversible impairment of renal function. End-stage renal disease (ESRD) or CKD stage V is characterized by structural and functional damage to the kidneys (loss of glomerular filtration) resulting in many metabolic disturbances, due to accumulation of waste products in the blood which are toxic to the body. In ESRD any form of renal replacement therapy (kidney transplantation, hemodialysis, or peritoneal dialysis) must be started. The ongoing nature of the disease and the lengthy of lifelong renal replacement therapy are factors that significantly deteriorate the physical fitness of patients with CKD. Patients with ESRD undergoing hemodialysis treatments have a significantly reduced exercise tolerance, exercise capacity, strength, and endurance compared to healthy individuals and patients with a lighter form of the disease, who do not require dialysis treatments [1, 2]

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