The Effects of Age on the Outcomes of Elbow Release in Arthrogryposis

Abstract

The goal of this study was to observe the effects of posterior elbow release on children with arthrogryposis at various age points: before the age of 2, between the ages of 2 and 3, and after the age of3. This study was a retrospective chart review of patients with arthrogryposis who underwent a posterior elbow release for an elbow extension contracture between 2007 and 2014 at one institution. Eighteen procedures in 13 patients, who had a minimum follow-up of at least 2 years, were included in the study. Patients were divided into 3 groups based on their age at the time of surgery: <2 years old, 2-3 years old, and >3 years old. Comparisons of the pre- and postoperative passive arcs of motion were made. The average preoperative arc of motion was 16° (0° to 30°) for the children younger than 2, 33.5° (5° to 60°) for the children 2-3, and 45° (25° to 80°) for the children older than 3. The average postoperative arc of motion was 88.2° (70° to 103°), 60° (15° to 85°), and 54.33° (23° to 70°) for the respective age groups. There was a clinically important difference in the postoperative arc of motion between the children less than 2 years old and both the children 2-3 years old and older than 3 years. This study demonstrates that children who underwent posterior elbow release before the age of 2 had a clinically important increase in their postoperative flexion and overall passive arc of elbow motion compared with older children at medium-term follow-up. The data suggest that earlier release may be better at restoring total passive arc of elbow motion. Therapeutic IV.