Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a combination of aerobic-resistance training (CARET) and broccoli supplementation on dectin-1 levels and insulin resistance in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Methods: Forty-four males with T2D were randomly allocated to four groups (n = 11 each group): CARET + broccoli supplement (TS), CARET + placebo (TP), control + broccoli supplement (S), and control + placebo (CP). CARET was performed three days per week for 12 weeks. TS and S groups received 10 g of broccoli supplement per day for 12 weeks. All variables were assessed at baseline and 12 weeks. Results: Plasma dectin-1 levels were decreased in TS and TP groups compared with the CP group (p < 0.05). Cardiometabolic risk factors showed significant reductions in TP and TS groups compared to S and CP groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The combination of CARET and broccoli supplementation produced the largest improvements in insulin resistance and dectin-1 and other complications of T2D.
Highlights
This study indicates that plasma levels of dectin-1, HOMA-IR, insulin, and selected adipokines such as Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IL-6 as well as high sensitive C reactive protein (hs-CRP) were improved after 12 weeks in the S, TS and training + placebo (TP) groups compared to their base levels, with greater improvements in the TS group
Our study reports improvements in the lipid profiles in the S, TP, and TS groups compared with their baseline levels; our study failed to improve lipid profiles, except for high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-C, in the S group when compared to the control + placebo (CP) group
This study reports that the inclusion of broccoli supplementation to a combination of aerobic-resistance training (CARET) program for individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) leads to greater improvements in dectin-1 levels and body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, lipid profiles, glycemic control, and insulin resistance compared to their baseline levels
Summary
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a global epidemic with high morbidity and mortality rates [1]. Risk factors such as obesity, unhealthy eating habits, and a sedentary lifestyle increase the risk of T2D [2,3]. Both obesity and T2D are associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, which have detrimental effects on the immune system [4]. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a combination of aerobic-resistance training (CARET) and broccoli supplementation on dectin-1 levels and insulin resistance in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). Conclusion: The combination of CARET and broccoli supplementation produced the largest improvements in insulin resistance and dectin-1 and other complications of T2D
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