The Effects of Additives on the Pelletization of Raw and Torrefied Food Waste

R Abdul Rasid,N Harun,M Ismail,G Elamparithy

doi:10.15282/jceib.v7i2.6521

R Abdul Rasid, N Harun + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.15282/jceib.v7i2.6521

Copy DOI

Abstract

This study evaluates the effect of various binders on the pelletization of raw and torrefied food waste (FW) towards its physical properties, including density, moisture reabsorption, and tensile strength of the formed pellets. Three binders; starch, lignin, and vegetable oil, were used to make the raw and torrefied FW pellets. It was found that the addition of lignin helps to improve the density of both, raw and torrefied FW pellets by 40% for raw FW pellets and up to 27% improvement for the torrefied FW pellets. In addition, increasing the concentration of lignin may also reduce moisture reabsorption from 48% to 40% of raw FW pellets, and the sorption was further reduced for the torrefied FW pellets. The addition of lignin improves the tensile strength, mainly the torrefied FW pellets. Results show that lignin inclusion demonstrates significant enhancement to the physical properties of FW pellets.

Highlights

Biomass is an organic matter that can be harvested as a source of renewable energy
It can be observed that, in general, the density of all pellets formed from raw and torrefied food waste (FW) improved at various degrees compared to pellets without any binders
This work investigates the use of binders to improve the quality of raw and torrefied FW pellets

Summary

Introduction

Biomass is an organic matter that can be harvested as a source of renewable energy. Biomass contributes to 14% of the total world energy consumption, which is the fourth source of energy globally [1]. Food waste (FW) that usually ends up as MSW consists of one-third of still-edible food produced in the world [3]. This domestic FW has not been thoroughly investigated as an energy source, despite being organic and holds the potential to be utilized. The under exploration of FW creates the opportunity to utilize FW as a possible source of renewable energy production. The characterization of FW from our earlier work [4] is shown in Table 1, which shows the composition of raw FW

Methods

Results

Conclusion