Abstract
In this study, a renewable polymeric material, refined oriental lacquer (ROL), used as a wood protective coating, and the Acacia confusa Merr. heartwood extractive, which was added as a natural photostabilizer for improving the lightfastness of ROL, were investigated. The best extract conditions for preparing heartwood extractives and the most suitable amount of addition (0, 1, 3, 5, and 10 phr) were investigated. The lightfastness index including brightness difference (ΔL *), yellowness difference (ΔYI), and color difference (ΔE *), and their applied properties of coating and film were measured. In the manufacture of heartwood extractives, the yield of extractives with acetone solvent was 9.2%, which was higher than that from toluene/ethanol solvent of 2.6%, and also had the most abundant total phenolic contents (535.2 mgGAE/g) and total flavonoid contents (252.3 μgRE/g). According to the SEM inspection and FTIR analysis, the plant gums migration to the surface of films and cracks occurred after UV exposure. The phenomena for photodegradation of ROL films were reduced after the addition of heartwood extractives. Among the different amounts of the heartwood extractives, the 10 phr addition was the best choice; however, the 1 phr heartwood extractive addition already showed noticeable lightfastness improvement. The drying times of ROL were extended and film performances worse with higher additions of heartwood extractives. Among the ROL films with different heartwood extractive additions, the ROL film with 1 phr addition had superior films properties, regarding adhesion and thermal stability, compared with the films of raw oriental lacquer.
Highlights
The raw oriental lacquer (OL) is a renewable biomaterial that is collected from Rhus trees
The inferior lightfastness of refined oriental lacquer (ROL), which is resulting in the primary component of catechol derivatives, needs to be improved for advanced uses
Heartwood Extractives of A. confusa Soaked in Different Solvents
Summary
The raw oriental lacquer (OL) is a renewable biomaterial that is collected from Rhus trees. Compared with the other wood coatings such as solvent-borne coatings including nitrocellulose lacquer, oil-modified alkyd resin, polyurethane resin, drying oil, etc., or other water-borne wood coatings, the ROL film has wide applications on wooden furniture and handicrafts in Taiwan, due to the wax-like gloss, elegant beauty, and excellent durability. It exhibits biodegradability, identified as an important advantage of biomaterials from a sustainability perspective [9]. This phenomenon is due to the emerging of polysaccharides from the inside to the surface through the damaged network structure [2,13,14]
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