The Effects of 15 or 30 s SIT in Normobaric Hypoxia on Aerobic, Anaerobic Performance and Critical Power.

Hakan Karabiyik,Tomasz Gabrys,Burak Caglar Yasli,Raci Karayigit,Goktug Ertetik,Aysegul Sisman,Mustafa Can Eser,Ozkan Guler,Karol Pilis,Mitat Koz

doi:10.3390/ijerph18083976

Abstract

Sprint interval training (SIT) is a concept that has been shown to enhance aerobic-anaerobic training adaptations and induce larger effects in hypoxia. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 4 weeks of SIT with 15 or 30 s in hypoxia on aerobic, anaerobic performance and critical power (CP). A total of 32 male team players were divided into four groups: SIT with 15 s at FiO2: 0.209 (15 N); FiO2: 0.135 (15 H); SIT with 30 s at FiO2: 0.209 (30 N); and FiO2: 0.135 (30 H). VO2max did not significantly increase, however time-to-exhaustion (TTE) was found to be significantly longer in the post test compared to pre test (p = 0.001) with no difference between groups (p = 0.86). Mean power (MPw.kg) after repeated wingate tests was significantly higher compared to pre training in all groups (p = 0.001) with no difference between groups (p = 0.66). Similarly, CP was increased in all groups with 4 weeks of SIT (p = 0.001) with no difference between groups (p = 0.82). This study showed that 4 weeks of SIT with 15 and 30 s sprint bouts in normoxia or hypoxia did not increased VO2max in trained athletes. However, anerobic performance and CP can be increased with 4 weeks of SIT both in normoxia or hypoxia with 15 or 30 s of sprint durations.

Highlights

Two decades ago, sprint interval training (SIT), a new variation of high intensity interval training (HIIT) with repetition of short (30 s) all-out sprints emerged [1]
After four weeks of SIT, VO2mean (F1,7 = 1.17, p = 0.31, η2 = 0.14) and VO2max (F1,7 = 1.01, p = 0.34, η2 = 0.13) values did not significantly increase and no group x time interaction was found for VO2mean (F3,21 = 1.39, p = 0.27, η2 = 0.17) and VO2max (F3,21 = 1.35, p = 0.29, η2 = 0.16)
The increase in TTE suggests an improvement in aerobic capacity and no difference was found in group x time interaction (F3,21 = 0.40, p = 0.76, η2 = 0.05)

Summary

Introduction

Sprint interval training (SIT), a new variation of high intensity interval training (HIIT) with repetition of short (30 s) all-out sprints emerged [1]. This training method is characterized by repeated maximal training bouts of approximately 30 s with 2–4 min rest-intervals [2]. SIT has been shown to be as efficient as traditional endurance training to increase muscle oxidative capacity with a much lower training volume [3]. Repeated SIT bouts evokes most of the physiological and biochemical systems used in aerobic efforts [4]. SIT induces changes in glycolytic enzyme levels, muscle buffering, and ionic regulation, resulting in enhanced anaerobic performance [1,3,5].

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