The effectiveness of the use of topical bacterial lysates in frequently ill children with pharyngeal tonsil hypertrophy and/or exacerbation of chronic adenoiditis

Abstract

Introduction. The issue of diseases of the lymphopharyngeal ring in childhood remains extremely relevant in the outpatient practice of otorhinolaryngologists.Aim. To study the effectiveness of the use of bacterial lysates (IRS-19, Imudon) in frequently ill children with adenoid hypertrophy, exacerbation of chronic adenoiditis at the outpatient stage of treatment.Materials and methods. Examination and treatment of 67 children (35 girls and 32 boys) with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil and/or exacerbation of chronic adenoiditis at the age of 3 to 14 years (average age was 8.7 ± 6.2 years) was carried out based on two state polyclinics in Samara during the period from May 2023 to August 2023. The patients were divided into 2 groups matched by sex and age: the control group (n = 33) and the main group (n = 34), which additionally used topical bacterial lysate IRS-19 and a mixture of bacterial lysates Imudon. Complaints were assessed, ENT examination, endoscopic endonasal revision of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx, acoustic impedancemetry was performed, study of smears-prints from the structures of the pharyngeal tonsil, a serological blood test (ELISA) with the determination of IgG and IgM for herpes viruses (types I, II, IV, VI), cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus were conducted on the first day of treatment, on the 10th day of treatment and in dynamics after 3 months.Results. By the 10th day in the main group, nasal congestion decreased in 73% of cases, discharge from the anterior nasal cavity in 78% of cases; the size of adenoid vegetations decreased and reached grade I in 34.4% of cases, grade II adenoids were detected in 49.3% of cases, in the control group the size of adenoids corresponded to grade II (50.5% of cases) and grade III (34.7% of cases). In dynamics, after 3 months of observation, children in the main group, using bacterial lysates (IRS-19, Imudon), showed a significant decrease in episodes of ARVI and adenoiditis, in contrast to the control group, where the incidence was 2.3 times higher.Discussion. A significant decrease in the frequency of complaints from patients in the main group and a more pronounced decrease in the size of the pharyngeal tonsil were revealed.Conclusions. Thus, the results of the study indicate the therapeutic and preventive effectiveness of including bacterial lysates (IRS-19, Imudon) in complex therapy in children with hypertrophy of the pharyngeal tonsil and/or exacerbation of chronic adenoiditis.