The effectiveness of space debris reduction measures

Abstract

Collision avoidance manoeuvres flown several times by the Space Shuttle Orbiter and other occurrences are early indicators of a general and severe problem into which space flight will run unless fundamental changes are introduced. On the basis of a comprehensive and proven debris computer model, it is analysed whether measures against the increase of the space debris population are possible, which measures are most effective for various altitudes and time scales and how urgently they need to be tanken. The following preventive measures are considered: • -explosion avoidance for future rocket upper stages (venting) and for future payloads • -upper stage and payload de-orbit by thrust and drag enhancement The technical feasibility and the cost of these measures is assessed in relation to their effectiveness in order to arrive at a draft set of space traffic rules which could be the basis for international agreement.