The effectiveness of repeated cardiopulmonary resuscitation training in a school population

Abstract

At the end of a study program, evaluating the feasibility and the effectiveness of a unique training session on a school population, the majority of the students were asking for additional training opportunities. We therefore set up the present study with the purpose of evaluating skills, knowledge and attitude concerning CPR, after respectively one and two training sessions. 265 students from 4 different school levels were trained. 6 months later 134 answered a questionnaire and were again trained in CPR, 129 students answered the same questionnaire and were tested for their skills in CPR. Ten months later 75 students who had two training sessions answered again the questionnaire and 65 among them were tested for their skills. The two training sessions were identical, given by lay teachers priorly instructed in CPR, and consisted of a video-program and practical demonstration, followed by individual practice on training manikins. Both training sessions lasted 100 min. Evaluation of skills was performed by emergency physicians not involved in the training. Seventeen different items, representing each step in CPR were scored. Repeated training induces significant improvement of total skill scoring, without significant difference between boys and girls, but with improvement of scoring with class level. When looking at the different steps, the improvement in scoring is most impressive in certain steps which scored poorly after one training session, such as backward tilt of the head, a keystone in CPR. The steps concerning mouth-to-mouth breathing and external thoracic compressions reach, 10 months after the second training, an average of 1.6 out of 2 (80% correct) as compared to 1.44 out of 2 (71.9% correct) after one training. Knowledge concerning CPR does not increase significantly after the second training session. The time lapse of 10 months since the second training session may have played a role, although the methodology excluding interactive instruction may also explain this discrepancy. The influence on attitude shows that fear to apply CPR increased significantly after one training session and does not significantly lower after the second training. This attitude seems to be rather person-linked, for no correlation was found with age, theoretical knowledge or practical skill scoring. We have no way of knowing whether the statement concerning fear to apply CPR will correspond with such an attitude when confronted with a concrete emergency situation. This study confirms that under the supervision of the school health team, CPR-training of school children by lay-men, themselves instructed by experts, is feasible and effective, providing the uniformity of the message is assured through the use of videoclips and training manikins are used for practical training.