Abstract
carry no listing of oral or The other four books, copyrighted within the last five years, do provide some without-paper-andpencil exercises. An average of about five pages in each of these four books is completely devoted to instruction in mental arithmetic. The amount of time spent on mental arithmetic is entirely too small when compared with that spent on written arithmetic. In view of what we know about incidental learning, children are not likely to become adept at handling number situations without paper and pencil unless we provide them with instruction specifically aimed at developing skill of this type. In addition to this definite need for
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