The Effectiveness of Fruit Extract and Temperature for In Vitro Culture of Kepok Banana (Musa balbisiana)

Abstract

Kepok Banana (Musa balbisiana) is beneficial in fulfilling nutrition for it has a high B vitamin complex. Additionally, it is of high economic value as a food processing material. Bananas as processed ingredients for industrial scale are constrained by unsustainable production. Thus, efforts are needed to supply quality, uniform seeds and meet cropping patterns. In vitro culture technique is an innovation in meeting the availability of standardized banana seed sources. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of fruit extracts and temperature differences for in vitro culture in Kepok banana. Murashige and Skoog (MS) base media were used in the multiplication stage with the addition of melon, banana, and papaya extracts (150 g.L−1). The explants were stored at various growth room temperatures (±25, ±28, and ±31°C). The results showed that the Kepok banana explants morphogenesis using MS media enriched with papaya extract gave no difference effectivity result with vitamin synthesis in the parameters of number of shoots (4), number of leaves (7), number of roots (7.3), and length roots (6.3 cm) and showed the highest results with parameter height of plantlets (9 cm). The best condition for the proliferation of Kepok banana explants was room temperature (±28°C).