The effectiveness of computerized instruction at the college level: Five suggestions for successful implementation

Abstract

Although the literature suggests that computers cannot completely replace traditional learn­ ing environments, a closer examination offactors that confound method with medium offers new research avenues for successful implementation of computer-based learning at the college level. Five suggestions for successful implementation ofcomputers in the university setting are discussed. Attempts to integrate computers into higher level edu­ cation are evidenced by the growing number of computer learning centers on college campuses and the allocation of federal funds to individuals working to train instruc­ tors in the implementation and use of computers in the college classroom. The purpose of this paper is to pro­ vide reasons and suggestions for implementing the com­ puter at the college level. The difficulty in presenting these suggestions is that I may be in the position of preaching to the choir. The very name of this society (and journal) suggests a bias in favor ofteaching psychology with com­ puters. Perhaps this paper will be more useful if viewed as an outline for apologetics to be used when one must de­ fend computer implementation to colleagues and adminis­ trators. This talk might better be titled How to Win Col­ leagues and Influence Administrators. Allow me to review five suggestions for the successful implementation of computer-assisted instruction (CAl) and computer-based instruction (CBI) at the college level. First, one should emphasize the resources that are con­ served with CAl and CBI rather than those that are lost. Although the haphazard implementation of computers into courses can result in wasted time and money (Castellan, 1986; Eamon, 1986), numerous studies have shown that once computers are integrated into a course, teachers are freed from technical duties involved in the preparation of demonstrations and experiments. Students also have the op­ portunity to utilize time effectively. While more advanced