The effectiveness of an education intervention based on self-care model on diabetes self-management behaviors and glycemic control

Abstract

IntroductionThe needs of diabetic patients are not only limited to adequate glycemic control but also correspond with preventing complications and increasing their awareness to participate in self-management. The study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of an education intervention based on self-care model to Diabetes self-management behaviour (DSM behaviour). MethodsThe study was conducted from January to August 2021 at diabetic clinics of Thika level 5 hospital (TL5H) and Kiambu level 5 hospital (KL5H). The study employed a pre-test post-test non-equivalent quasi-experimental study design. There were 96 adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) obtained by stratified random sampling technique, and assigned into experimental (48 respondents) and control group (48 respondents). Diabetes self-management behaviours were evaluated in the first and seventh month using The Summary of Diabetes Self Care Activities (SDSCA) questionnaire. Paired sample T-Test and Independent T-test was used to analyze data. ResultsPaired sample T-test statistical revealed a significant difference in increasing level of DSM Behaviour and decreasing HbA1c (p < 0.05) before and after the intervention; Independent T-test discovered a significant difference on DSM Behaviour and HbA1c (p < 0.05) between the intervention and control group at post-intervention. ConclusionsEducation intervention based on self-care model is an effective program that can improve DSM Behaviour and HbA1c level. In addition, the education intervention based on self-care model needs to be implemented continuously to prevent complications and improve self-care and HbA1c level for diabetic patients.