Abstract
To explore the brain volume (BV) changes of HIV-negative and non-transplant cryptococcal meningitis (CM) in 1 year after initial therapy. Case data were collected from 78 CM patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanning at least 3 times in 1-year interval after initial therapy. The assessment of BV was measured by a non-commercial software, uAI Research Portal. Linear mixed model was used to investigate the association between clinical characteristics and the changes in BV. Longitudinal study showed a decrease in total brain volume (-4.65 cm3, P=.005), regional brain volume including white matter (-2.86 cm3, P=.031) and basal ganglia (-0.25 cm3, P=.007), and increase in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume (3.58 cm3, P=.013) in CM patients in 1 year after initial therapy. Ventricular volume in patients with ventriculoperitoneal shunts (VPS) was lower than that in patients without VPS (-7.5 cm3, P<.05). Ventricular volume in patients with post-infectious inflammatory response syndrome (PIIRS) was larger than that in patients without PIIRS (7.1 cm3, P<.01). In addition, temporal lobe atrophy was associated with corticosteroid therapy (-6.8 cm3, P<.01). The present study suggested that brain atrophy, especially regional BV decrease, could happen in HIV-negative and non-transplant CM patients over a 1-year interval.
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