Abstract
1. Myxomatosis no longer has the dramatic impact on rabbit numbers of the original outbreaks in 1953-55. The influence of the disease on rabbit numbers 25.30 years later was investigated by twice reducing and then restoring the prevalence of myxomatosis in a farmland population. 2. Insecticide was used for 2 years to reduce the numbers of rabbit fleas, the main vector of the disease. Flea numbers were subsequently increased by systematic reintroductions over a further 2 years and the sequence was then repeated. 3. Changes in the prevalence of myxomatosis followed the changes in flea numbers. 4. Rabbit numbers increased by two- to threefold during the flea reduction periods, and fell in the reintroduction periods
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