The effect of weather conditions on the spring barley variety ‘Yaromir’ and its productivity in the Ryazan region

Abstract

The current study was carried out in 2017–2021 in the Competitive Variety Testing on the basis of the ISPA of the FSBSI “FRAC VIM”. The soil of the experimental plot was dark gray forest, heavy loamy in granulometric composition, of medium fertility. The hydrothermal conditions of the vegetation periods differed significantly in terms of the mean daily air temperature and the sum of effective temperatures, and the amount of precipitation. The years of 2018 and 2021 were characterized with very dry conditions with HThC of 0.51–0.64. The years of 2017, 2019 were arid with HThC of 0.72–0.85. The years of 2020 was humid, with a moisture coefficient of 1.34. The purpose of the current study was to establish the effect of weather conditions of the Ryazan region on the interstage periods, the yield structure and productivity of the spring barley variety ‘Yaromir’. There has been found a correlation between the length of vegetation period with the amount of precipitation and HThC in the interstage periods of ‘germination-tillering’ (r = +0.571 and r = +0.607, respectively), ‘tillering-coming into ear’ (r = +0.735 and r = +0.655, respectively) and ‘filling-ripening’ (r = +0.881 and r = +0.967, respectively). Strong positive correlations were found between ‘amount of precipitation’ and the yield structure elements of the variety, namely ‘number of productive stems per 1 m2 ’ (r = +0.969), ‘productive tilling capacity’ (r = +0.947), ‘plant height’ (r = +0.827). Mean correlations were found between ‘amount of precipitation’ and ‘length of head’ (r = +0.562) and ‘number of kernels per head’ (r = +0.453). Negative mean correlations were found between ‘amount of precipitation’ and ‘1000-kernel weight’ (r = -0.654). There has been established that the average daily air temperature of the vegetation period had no effect on the formation of the yield structure elements of this variety. There have been identified average correlations between ‘sum of effective temperatures’ and ‘productive tillering’ (r = +0.352) and ‘length of head’ (r = +0.538). Weather conditions did not have a significant effect on grain productivity of the variety. There has been noted a slight effect of precipitation and HThC in the period ‘tillering-coming into ear’. The minimum variation in the productivity over the years (Cv = 3.5%) and revealing 95.1% of productivity potential indicates that this variety is characterized by stable productivity and adaptability to the weather conditions of this region.