The effect of Vit B12 deficiency, homocystein, and lipid metabolism in association with increased risk of gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Introduction: Gestational diabetes defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during the present pregnancy. This definition applies whether or not insulin is used for treatment and undoubtedly includes some women with previously unrecognized overt diabetes. Objectives: To assess the effect of Vit B12 deficiency, Homocystein and Lipid metabolism in association with increased risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Materials and Methods: A prospective case control study. Sample collection: pregnant women at the 2nd and 3rd trimester (n = 100) were divided into two groups: Women with GDM considered as case group (n = 50) and healthy pregnant women as control group (n = 50) were enrolled in this study. Results: The mean level of serum B12 in case group were (169.3 ± 13.6) and (227.5 ± 29.9) of control group with highly significant decrease in case group than that in healthy control group (P < 0.001). Significant correlation between Vit B12 and BMI, and significant association with moderate correlation with Gestational age (P- values =0.042). Significant association with moderate correlation between Vit B12 and both insulin level and HOMA-IR test in GDM group (P < 0.05) respectively. Highly significant association (P < 0.001) with good correlation (0.712) was found between Homocysteine and B12. Significant correlation between Vit B12 and lipid profile (cholesterol, LDL, HDL, and TG) and LDL, HDL, and TG were presented with moderate correlation. Homocysteine [umol/L] level in GDM group was (8.31 +/- 2.02) and (7.33 +/- 3.54) for healthy group with significant difference (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Highly significant decrease of vit B12 in patients with GDM than that in healthy group, while highly significant increase of Homocysteine and triglyceride in GDM patients than in healthy group.