The Effect of Vestibular Stimulation Exercises on Balance, Coordination, and Agility in Children with Down Syndrome

Kathy Carter

doi:10.11648/j.ajpn.20180602.11

Abstract

Background. Children with Down syndrome (DS) demonstrate vestibular, sensory, motor and perceptual impairments which manifests as decreased levels of balance, strength, and motor coordination. Together these issues may decrease functional ability leading to more sedentary lifestyles. Use of vestibular stimulation therapy has been attempted to assist in improving motor control and balance in this population. Objective. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of a vestibular stimulation exercise program on balance, coordination and agility in children with DS. Methods. Seventeen children with DS were recruited from two summer enrichment programs and were divided into two groups based on age (group 1: 9.9 yrs ±2.8; group 2: 18.4 yrs. ±1.7). Assessments were completed using BOT2 subtests for balance, bilateral and upper limb coordination, and agility prior to and after six weeks of twice weekly vestibular stimulation exercises. Results. Both groups showed improvement in upper limb coordination and agility, while group 2 demonstrated improvement in one of the balance subtests. Conclusion. These results suggest a vestibular stimulation exercise program could increase balance and agility in children with DS and possibly assist in increasing their functional ability.

Highlights

Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder which includes a full or partial copy of chromosome 21 [1]
This study determined the effect of a vestibular stimulation exercise program on balance, upper limb coordination, bilateral coordination, and agility on children with DS
Results of this study indicate vestibular stimulation exercises can have a positive effect on balance, upper limb coordination and agility in both age groups, and balance in older children

Summary

Introduction

Down syndrome (DS) is a genetic disorder which includes a full or partial copy of chromosome 21 [1]. Children with DS have a number of motor characteristics such as hypotonicity, joint hypermobility, decrease in deep tendon reflexes, and a delay in developing reaction timing and equilibrium reactions, which could cause a delay in achieving developmental stages [3,4,5] These children often demonstrate decreased levels of balance and motor coordination, as well as sensory integration and vestibular deficits [6]. Children with Down syndrome (DS) demonstrate vestibular, sensory, motor and perceptual impairments which manifests as decreased levels of balance, strength, and motor coordination Together these issues may decrease functional ability leading to more sedentary lifestyles. These results suggest a vestibular stimulation exercise program could increase balance and agility in children with DS and possibly assist in increasing their functional ability

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusion