Abstract
Although vaccination is carried out worldwide, the vaccination rate varies greatly. As of 24 May 2021, in some countries, the proportion of the population fully vaccinated against COVID-19 has exceeded 50%, but in many countries, this proportion is still very low, less than 1%. This article aims to explore the impact of vaccination on the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic. As the herd immunity of almost all countries in the world has not been reached, several countries were selected as sample cases by employing the following criteria: more than 60 vaccine doses per 100 people and a population of more than one million people. In the end, a total of eight countries/regions were selected, including Israel, the UAE, Chile, the United Kingdom, the United States, Hungary, and Qatar. The results find that vaccination has a major impact on reducing infection rates in all countries. However, the infection rate after vaccination showed two trends. One is an inverted U-shaped trend, and the other is an L-shaped trend. For those countries with an inverted U-shaped trend, the infection rate begins to decline when the vaccination rate reaches 1.46–50.91 doses per 100 people.
Highlights
The pandemic of COVID-19 has hit the world for more than one year, and the number of new confirmed cases in many countries has reached a new high point in April–May2021
18, 7491et al. [13], emphasizing that without the adequate protection of effective vaccines and the release of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs), the epidemic may continue to rise; this paper suggests that the cumulative vaccination rate of 1.46–50.91 doses per 100 people be used as the vaccination threshold of minimum requirements (VTMR) to rate, while an 80% effective vaccine only requires a 32–57% vaccination coverage rate, and a avoid an exacerbation of the pandemic
This result implies that all vaccines currently administered in these countries are highly effective in mitigating the infection of COVID-19 when vaccination rates reach the level of turning points, even if the vaccination rate is lower than the herd immunity threshold
Summary
The pandemic of COVID-19 has hit the world for more than one year, and the number of new confirmed cases in many countries has reached a new high point in April–May. 2021. As of 16 May 2021, the cumulative number of cases has reached 162,184,263, of which. As of April 2021, several vaccines were authorized by at least one national regulatory authority for public use, including Pfizer–BioNTech, Moderna, BBIBP-CorV, CoronaVac, Covaxin, Sputnik V, AstraZeneca, and Johnson & Johnson [2]. Vaccines produced by AstraZeneca, Pfizer–BioNTech, Sputnik V, Moderna, Sinopharm, Sinovac, and Johnson. As of 2 May 2021, 1.17 billion doses of COVID-19 vaccines have been administered in the world [3]. Vaccines may enhance the immune system to fight against the viruses and help an individual to prevent the infection of the pandemic, and, many governments in the world are trying their full efforts to obtain sufficient vaccine supplies and speed up vaccination for the public
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