Abstract
Skeletonema costatum was submitted to two experiments using UV lights and CO2with the purpose of observing changes in the lipids profile and the synthesis of polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUA) after cell disruption. When cells receive CO2 supply, it was noticed that the production of PUA was significantly lower. The same was observed when the culture was treated with a dose of 45.9 kJ·m-2 of ultra-violet A/B ray. The premise to all experiments was the production of 2,4-heptadienal compared to the supply of EPA as substrate. As a result, the same synthesis rate was observed both when the CO2 treatment was applied and in the experiment control. On the other hand, the culture subjected to ultraviolet radiation showed a 68% greater demand with the utilization of the substrate. These observations suggested that EPA was consumed before cell disruption and was probably exuded to the surrounding environment as a sign of stress. Changes in cell morphology could be observed by the migration of the chloroplast nearby the cell wall, where PUA was produced, indicating a defense strategy.
Highlights
The ocean covers 70% of the planet’s surface and presents an extraordinary microbial diversity, constituting theHow to cite this paper: da Motta Pacheco, L.F.C., Uribe, E., Pino, J., Troncoso, J. and Quiróz, A. (2014) The Effect of UV Light and CO2 in the Production of Polyunsaturated Aldehydes in Skeletonema costatum (Bacillariophycea)
The three pre-selected strains subjected to a semiquantitative analysis by solid phase microextraction (SPME)-PDMS presented a pronounced difference of polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUA) synthesis Figure 1
On the other hand, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) increased in the lipid profile from 19% to 36% between days 3 to 7. These fatty acids cumulated in Skeletonema costatum could be a potential for the PUA production
Summary
The ocean covers 70% of the planet’s surface and presents an extraordinary microbial diversity, constituting theHow to cite this paper: da Motta Pacheco, L.F.C., Uribe, E., Pino, J., Troncoso, J. and Quiróz, A. (2014) The Effect of UV Light and CO2 in the Production of Polyunsaturated Aldehydes in Skeletonema costatum (Bacillariophycea). Planktonic organisms drifting on ocean currents are usually challenged with unfavorable conditions [3] that can generate great changes in the metabolic functioning of some diatoms, e.g. increasing their level of toxicity through the synthesis of polyunsaturated aldehydes [4] [5]. Ocean acidification can cause an increase in carbon fixation rates in some photosynthetic organisms [10] [11] and the capability of marine organisms to adapt to this rise, as well as its implications for ocean ecosystems, is not well known. Wichard et al found that about 30% of the marine diatoms produce polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUA) as secondary metabolites derived from fatty acid metabolism [12]. Healthy diatoms that are growing in favorable conditions are capable of overcoming the risk of self-poisoning even tough producing toxic compounds [24]
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