The effect of Uchinsk reservoir coastal landscape components on the migration of pollutant elements

Abstract

Landscape components were studied on the territory of the Volga water management system by the method of landscape-geochemical profiling. The content of chemical elements in the landscape components was determined, sources of pollution were identified, and the pathways of migration of elements were studied. The studies of the ecological state of the coastal zone of the Uchinsk reservoir were carried out in summer of 2020. Plant communities were studied, and soil sections were described. It was established that forest biogeocenoses of the water protection zone of the reservoir do not have noticeable anthropogenic disturbances, there are windblow areas, lesions by the bark beetle-typographer characteristic of Moscow region. Due to the grass and shrub cover in forest biocenoses, subsurface runoff predominates, forest soils serve as an effective barrier that retards the migration of heavy metals. When analyzing the distribution of chemical elements in the soil profile and bottom sediments, their different origin was revealed; for example, phosphorus and potassium enter with waters of the Volga spring, heavy metals enter with the soil runoff, while the accumulation of manganese increases with an increase in soil acidity.