Abstract
Previous research in cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) and cancer cell interaction has repeatedly proven that the cold plasma induced cell death. It is postulated that the reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play a major role in the CAP cancer therapy. In this paper, we seek to determine a mechanism of CAP therapy on glioblastoma cells (U87) through an understanding of the composition of the plasma, including treatment time, voltage, flow-rate and plasma-gas composition. In order to determine the threshold of plasma treatment on U87, normal human astrocytes (E6/E7) were used as the comparison cell line. Our data showed that the 30 sec plasma treatment caused 3-fold cell death in the U87 cells compared to the E6/E7 cells. All the other compositions of cold plasma were performed based on this result: plasma treatment time was maintained at 30 s per well while other plasma characteristics such as voltage, flow rate of source gas, and composition of source gas were changed one at a time to vary the intensity of the reactive species composition in the plasma jet, which may finally have various effect on cells reflected by cell viability. We defined a term “plasma dosage” to summarize the relationship of all the characteristics and cell viability.
Highlights
Recent development in physics research has lead to the production of cold atmospheric pressure plasma, a type of plasma that is formed at relatively ‘‘cold’’ temperatures, or room temperature
Using MTT assay, we showed that the addition of oxygen into the gas supply weakened the therapeutic effect of cold plasma on the cancer cells (Figure 9)
Summary It should be acknowledged that the major factors in plasma dosage are the gas flow rate, output voltage difference at the electrodes and the duration of exposure to the plasma
Summary
Recent development in physics research has lead to the production of cold atmospheric pressure plasma, a type of plasma that is formed at relatively ‘‘cold’’ temperatures, or room temperature. The treatment of living tissues by cold plasma can be classified into two approaches: dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) and plasma jet. In the case of DBD, all the generated agents have direct contact with the treated sample. On the other hand, have high voltage between two electrodes, generate plasma inside of a quartz tube [4] and treat biological samples remotely. A helium plasma jet is employed because it produces a stable, homogenous and uniform discharge at atmospheric pressure, and it operates without a dielectric cover over the electrode, yet is free from filaments, streamers and arcing [5]
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