Abstract
West Kalimantan wooden craft is internationally well known and its export is increasing. Currently, high durability and attractive color of wood material such as belian (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teysm & Binnend) is rarely available, then alternatively mangium (Acacia mangium Willd.) and laban wood (Vitex pubescens Vahl.) are used for handicraft. Fumigation is one possible way to improve wood service life and color shades. This paper determines the impact of traditional fumigation on wood raw material on physical, mechanical and anatomical properties. The timber fumigation technique was conducted for one week, with curing time from early morning until late afternoon. After treatment, the physical, mechanical and anatomical properties of wood were evaluated. The different of color before and after treatment was measured by image processing scanner Canon P 145. Physical and mechanical properties refer to the British standard method. Result shows that fumigation improves the quality of wood, especially on color of wood. The wood became dark and more shining. It’s good for the handicraft materials. The quality of wood on moisture content value, both on mangium and laban wood was increased with average 30-50%. The average value of wood density of mangium wood after treatment with fumigation was 0.52, meanwhile laban wood was 0.55. The average value of radial shrinkage of mangium wood after fumigation treatment was 3.96% and tangential shrinkage was 6.34%. The average value of radial shrinkage of laban wood after fumigation was 6.43% and tangential shrinkage was 6.08%. The average value of hardness of mangium wood after fumigation treatment was 470.13 kg/cm2 and laban wood was 625.46 kg/cm2. The Fumigated wood color was darker and more attractive for decorative and craft products than non-fumigated wood. In general, this method could be used to preserve wood and to increase the physical performance of wood as raw material for handicraft.
Highlights
Wood craft industry in West Kalimantan Province currently faces low raw material wood supply which has an attractive color and pattern as well as high in wood durability
Two wood species: mangium (Accacia mangium Willd.) and laban (Vitex pubescens Vahl.) were collected from wood craftsmen who lives in Budi Utomo street, Northern District of Pontianak City, West Kalimantann Indonesia
Moisture content of fumigated laban wood is less than mangium wood
Summary
Wood craft industry in West Kalimantan Province currently faces low raw material wood supply which has an attractive color and pattern as well as high in wood durability. West Kalimantan craftsmen knows belian wood (Eusideroxylon zwageri Teysm & Binnend) as high-grade, durable, strong and decorative wood. Stated mangium heartwood was slightly brown colored, hard, strong, and durable in well-ventilated areas, though the wood is not resistant in contact with the ground laban wood susceptible on fungi and termites attack (Oramahi et al 2011). The quality improvement of wooden handicraft products with traditional fumigation techniques should be supported by durability testing of wood against wood destroying organisms, especially termites. Effect of Traditional Fumigation on Physical, Mechanical and Anatomy Properties of Wood as Material of Handicraft in West Kalimantan. Farah Diba and Lolyta Sisilia for wood handicraft on physical, mechanical and anatomical properties of the woods
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