The effect of tip clearance size on pre-stall flow features of a transonic axial compressor by using throttle model

Abstract

This paper aims at the numerical analysis of the influence of tip clearance size on the pre-stall flow features of a transonic high-speed compressor by applying the throttle model at the exit of the compressor computational domain. Steady and unsteady calculations have been performed for design, double, and triple tip clearance sizes. The transition of the stall inception type when increasing the tip clearance size and the underlying flow physics has been analyzed in detail. The results show that the stall inception type transforms from spike to modal as the size of the tip clearance changes from design to triple tip clearance. The influence of the tip clearance size on the forward spillage of the tip leakage vortex near the stall limit, which is one of the two criteria for spike stall inception, is crucial for which type of stall inception would appear. For the design clearance case, a remarkable forward spillage of the tip leakage vortex occurs near the stall limit, leading to a typical strong spike stall inception. In the condition of double clearance, the intensity of tip leakage vortex spillage was weakened because the increase in the clearance size allows more low momentum tip leakage flow to go through the clearance instead of spilling from the leading edge. Thus, a weaker spike-type inception containing the content of modal disturbances was induced. Under the triple clearance condition, the high entropy gradient interface is located inside the blade passages all the time; thus, a typical modal-type stall inception appears.