The Effect of Theory of Reasoned Action Implementation on Dietary and Physical Activity Adherence in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type 2

Abstract

Most of patients with type 2 diabetes failed to follow the dietary recommendation due to lack of motivation, memory and intention. Thus, level of obedience still low. Being physically active requires a combination of difficult tasks such huge expenditure of effort, and continued persistence (McAuley & Blissmer, 2011). There is needed any health related program to increase client's motivation and to improve intention to adhere dietary suggestion throughout the application of Theory of Reasoned Action. The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of Theory of Reasoned Action on the dietary and physical activity adherences in patient with Diabetes Type 2. The population were patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in one of medical wards at RSI Jemursari Surabaya in November 2016 as many as 23 respondents. 20 respondents were gained by using purposive sampling technique according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, and divided into two groups, control and treatment group. The independent variable was the implementation of the Theory Of Reasoned Action. The dependent variables were (1) dietary adherence, (2) physical activity adherence, and (3) blood glucose levels. The dietary and physical activity adherence were identified by using questionnaires, and blood glucose monitoring devices was used to identified blood glucose level. Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test showed the differences between pre and post intervention in all dependent variables in treatment group. In addition, Mann Witney U test also showed the differences between control and treatment gorup in all dependent variables. Implementation of Theory of Reasoned Action can improve dietary and physical activity adherence in patients with Diabetes mellitus type 2. Further studies are expected to place more number of samples and measure all variables in the Theory of Reasoned Action.