Abstract
The effects produced by benzene or hexane as spreading solvents upon the surface pressure-area isotherms of octadecanol and stearic acid were investigated. Diluting the spreading solution resulted in an increase in the area/molecule at π = 1 dyne/cm. This expansion was greater with hexane than with benzene. Monolayers of stearic acid expanded more than those of octadecanol upon adding benzene liquid or vapor to the surface. Benzene vapor was irreversibly adsorbed on a monolayer of stearic acid. Octadecanol monolayers expanded when the concentration of benzene in the subphase was increased. An expansion of the monolayer with age was noted. This effect was greater for octadecanol than stearic acid monolayers. Aging could be attributed to changes in the structure of the monolayer as well as to contamination. Expansions resulting from both aging and solvent effects were greater at low surface pressures. A model based on the relative rates of solvent evaporation and diffusion into the subphase during the spreading process is proposed. The surface concentrations of benzene evaluated from experimental data and the model are compared. The two values agree within a factor of three.
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