Abstract
class phenomenon and that the upper classes, who have the political power, utilize the law as a means of repressing the criminality of the worker. When times are good and the temptation to crime is light, there is less need for force; but when the unemployed are tempted to exchange freedom for good humane treatment in penal and correctional institutions, these institutions must be made forbidding and penalties in general more severe in order to counterbalance the temptations to crime on the part of the underprivileged masses. The characteristics of the depression in the United States are enormous increase in crime, great brutality in its repression . . . overcrowding in prisons ... idleness, hopelessness and despair.4 Gregor Wirschubski, authority on Polish criminal statistics writing in 1934 draws as black a picture for Poland. First he cites a regression in death sentences and their execution
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