The Effect of the Climate Change Looming for Indian Summer Monsoon

Abstract

In recent years, with global temperature rise, extreme weather and climate events, especially high temperature heat waves, floods and droughts, occur more frequently. Recent observational and simulation projections with paleoclimate research reported that monsoon rainfall would become uncertain in the forthcoming century. One of the major problem in predicting the ISM is the accumulation of uncertainties arising from the complex role of Anthropocene activities on the climate system. This, in turn, would result in indecisions in the projected Gross Domestic Product (GDP), sustainable growth, and economy. About 21% of the Indian GDP is contributed by Agriculture (arguably the backbone of India's Economy) which itself highly dependent on the spatial and temporal distribution of monsoon rainfall. This paper reviews the projection of the Indian Summer Monsoon (ISM) in looming climate change. Evaluating the uncertainties in future monsoon behavior predictions would facilitate informed decision-making while formulating strategies for a sustainable Economy and energy policy. Reliable predictions of future ISM in the context of climate change are required while formulating adaptation strategies for sustainable growth and water availability.